Flyrock in surface mining – Limitations of current predictive models and a better alterative through modelling the aerodynamics of flyrock trajectory

In comparison to the propagation and attenuation of ground and airborne vibrations, flyrock is a much less well understood phenomenon. Yet flyrock is often considered to be the most hazardous of the adverse effects of rock blasting in surface mines and construction works. It can damage machinery, property, and industrial structures, as well as cause serious injuries at distances where ground and air vibrations are not significant.